基于多维度感知风险的中国公众无偿献血意愿及影响因素分析

基于多维度感知风险,调查中国公众的献血意愿现状,探讨其影响因素,为无偿献血者招募与保留工作提供科学依据。本文从公众对献血行为、心理、情境、制度、偏见、服务、宣传七个维度的感知风险入手,在问卷调查与因素分析的基础上,基于实证分析,解释各种因素之间的相互关系,揭示不同特征中国公众献血意愿的差异,进而有针对性地制定无偿献血招募及保留措施,促进我国无偿献血事业可持续发展。     

Heterosexual Marital Intention: Effects of Internalized Homophobia,Homosexual Identity,Perceived Family Support,and Disclosure Among Chinese Gay and Bisexual Men

ABSTRACT

The present study explored the factors that influence the likelihood that 217 Chinese gay/bisexual men will engage in heterosexual marriage, focusing on the Chinese cultural context, in which filial duties to marry, have children, and support one’s parents in their old age are taken seriously. Data on heterosexual marital intention (HMI) were examined in relation to demographics, internalized homophobia, homosexual identity formation (HIF), perceived family support, and disclosure. We estimated a multinomial logistic regression model for HMI. Internalized homophobia was a predictor for HMI. Lower levels of HIF and disclosure were found in gay/bisexual men who have married or who intend to marry; and the more family support gay/bisexual men perceived, the more likely they were to enter heterosexual marriages. The findings could help to better evaluate and comprehend the factors leading to heterosexual marriages involving Chinese gay/bisexual men. The social implications of this research are also discussed.     

The effect of living in communal homes on the depressive symptoms of older women living in rural areas: the mediating role of the socio-physical environment

ABSTRACT

This study examined the effects of the village communal living model on depressive symptoms, focusing on mediating roles of perceived environment among rural older women in South Korea. Data came from the sample of residents in 18 housings and their peers in the conventional housing (n = 168). Propensity score analysis and structural equation modeling were used. The results showed the effect of living in VCH on depressive symptoms was mediated distinct aspect of socio-physical environment.     

Examining the effects of social networks formed in a senior-oriented online community on older participants’ subjective well-being in China

In recent decades, the dramatic socioeconomic changes that have occurred in China have increasingly affected the social lives of older Chinese adults. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the social networks developed in an online community contributed to the subjective well-being of this age group. The underlying mechanism of this effect was examined by investigating a senior-oriented online community (OldKids). An online survey was administered to participants in the OldKids network. The results showed that the proposed theoretical model was effective in demonstrating that their participation in the OldKids network improved the participants’ subjective well-being through the mediation of perceived social support and feelings of social connectedness. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed in this paper.     

Stress and impact of spirituality as a mediator of coping methods among social work college students

ABSTRACT

This exploratory pilot study was conducted to understand the stress level and coping strategies of social work students, with the aim to develop strategies to help students increase their ability to manage stress. The study examined the levels of stress perceived by the students in a faith-based program, identified their coping methods, and explored the impact of spirituality on the perceived stress level. A significant association between students’ stress levels and their coping methods existed among all the measures. Adaptive coping methods, such as Active Coping, Positive Framing, and Religion, were significantly correlated with lower levels of stress, while maladaptive coping methods, such as Behavioral Disengagement, Self-Distraction, Denial, Substance Abuse, Venting, and Self-Blame were correlated with higher levels of stress. Spirituality had a greater buffering effect on the students’ ability to handle stress. The higher the level of student spirituality the less likely the students were to have higher levels of stress and the more likely they were to use adaptive coping methods rather than dysfunctional coping methods. This study discusses the important ramifications of reducing stress in college students especially in a faith-based program, as well as strategies for reframing how stress and coping methods are viewed so as to better help students for current and future social work education and practice landscapes.     

Global Warming Risk Perceptions in India

Few studies have focused on global warming risk perceptions among people in poor and developing countries, who are disproportionately impacted by climate change. This analysis conducts a comprehensive assessment of global warming risk perceptions in India using a national sample survey. Consistent with cultural theory, egalitarianism was positively associated with global warming risk perceptions. In addition, perceived vulnerability and resilience to extreme weather events were also two of the strongest factors associated with global warming risk perceptions. While worry was positively associated with risk perceptions, it accounted for only a small proportion of the variance, unlike studies in developed countries. Finally, the study also collected global warming affective images. The most common responses were “don't know” or “can't say” (25%), followed by “pollution” (21%), “heat” (20%), and “nature” (16%). The study finds that the predictors of global warming risk perceptions among the Indian public are both similar and different than those in developed countries, which has important implications for climate change communication in India.     

Why die for my sibling? The positive association between identity fusion and imagined loss with endorsement of self-sacrifice / ¿Por qué morir por un hermano? La asociación positiva entre la fusión de identidad y la pérdida imaginada con la disposición al autosacrificio

Abstract

Identity fusion — a visceral feeling of connection with a group — is a powerful predictor of willingness to engage in extreme pro-group behaviour. Here we propose that identity fusion also reinforces willingness to fight and die for one’s siblings, and we explore one of the underlying mechanisms producing this effect. We additionally controlled for a powerful predictor of family investment, perceived psychological similarity with the sibling. Our study shows that fusion with a sibling, but not perceived similarity, is positively associated with willingness to fight and die for the sibling. This relation is mediated by the imagined personal consequences of losing one’s sibling. This research extends previous work on fusion with groups to pairs of individuals and identifies a new mediator of the effect of fusion on willingness to fight and die for others. Overall, these results suggest that identity fusion might contribute towards explaining self-sacrifice among genetically related individuals as predicted by the theory of kin selection.     

以组织犬儒主义为中介的组织支持感、组织公平感对反生产行为影响的研究

基于文献回顾构建了组织支持感、组织公平感、组织犬儒主义和反生产行为之间的关系模型,并以企业员工为调查对象,对反生产行为采用他评和配对样本的方式进行问卷调查.研究结果表明:组织支持感、组织公平感与反生产行为负相关;组织犬儒主义与反生产行为正相关;组织支持感、组织公平感对组织犬儒主义存在负向影响;组织犬儒主义在组织支持感与反生产行为、组织公平感与反生产行为的关系中均发挥中介作用.此外,对组织犬儒主义和反生产行为的防范和管理提出了有关管理建议.     

主管支持感、组织氛围对服务补救绩效的影响

理论界认为服务补救是服务企业提高顾客满意度和忠诚度的重要手段,但对如何提升服务补救绩效却鲜有探讨.文章基于服务补救绩效的组织内部影响因素,分析了主管支持感、组织氛围与服务补救绩效的关系,运用问卷调查和结构方程模型进行了实证检验.研究发现:当员工需要用服务补救来缓解其服务失误时,员工的主管支持感不能直接提升服务补救绩效,组织氛围在主管支持感与服务补救绩效的关系中发挥完全中介作用,主动沟通和宽容、相互鼓励是组织氛围发挥效应的两个重要方面.服务企业的部门主管应支持员工主动沟通和交流,营造一个宽容且相互鼓励的氛围,提高服务补救绩效.     

重庆文理学院校园宽带满意度调查分析

随着学校转型发展和五大教学改革的深入,师生对获取信息资源的校园宽带依赖度和要求越来越高。校园宽带对办学质量和教育改革发展有着重要影响。此次调查在分析重庆文理学院校园宽带满意度影响因素的同时,建立了评价体系。在此基础上,进行满意度调查分析,提出增强满意度的建议,便于运营商完善对校园宽带的管理,实现校内外信息的快速、有效传递,使教学、科研、管理等工作走入信息化、网络化,从而提高办学水平。